Clinical

The veterinary nurse's diagnostic assessment of the small animal cardiac patient

Diagnostic tests are needed to either diagnose conditions, assess severity or stage of disease, identify concurrent disease, select appropriate treatment or assess the efficacy of therapy. Physical...

Figure 1. Suggested clinical assessment of tremor in dogs and cats.

Tremor syndromes in dogs and cats: an update

Orthostatic tremor is a rare tremor that predominantly affects the limbs, exclusively while standing with pathognomonic high-frequency muscle discharges (>12 Hz) on conscious electromyography (Liatis...

Figure 1. Cutaneous skin lesions associated with Leishmania. Image courtesy of Pedro Serra, Nationwide Labs.

Parasite roundup for 2023

Increasing numbers of imported rescue cats and dogs have been seen over the past few years, with an associated risk of exotic pathogens entering the UK. The European Scientific Counsel for Companion...

Parasites in cats and dogs

Internal parasites live inside the animal's body, in different locations including the small intestine, the lung, the heart, the subcutaneous tissue or even inside the eye. The majority of internal...

Dietary hyperthyroidism in a dog with epileptic seizures

Hyperthyroidism is rare in dogs compared to cats. The most common cause of hyperthyroidism in dogs is a functional thyroid tumour, either benign or malignant, whereas cats and humans are more often...

Figure 4. There is a mild reduction in muscle mass over the left scapula compared to the right.

Successful use of dual-plate fixation to treat a canine comminuted scapula fracture

A 9-month-old, female, spayed, German shepherd cross-breed dog was presented for management of a left-sided, traumatic, closed comminuted scapula fracture that had occurred 8 days prior to...

Figure 2. The salbutamol cannister is typically held in a plastic device for drug delivery by inhalation. This can also be easily broken by a dog when chewing and playing with the inhaler.

Salbutamol toxicosis in dogs

Most cases of salbutamol toxicosis in dogs are due to puncturing an asthma inhaler. In cases where the salbutamol dose was estimated, 0.33–0.72 mg/kg caused restlessness, tachycardia, tachypnoea,...

Figure 4. A koi with melanisation occurring along the dorsal midline and extremities of the dorsal fin.

A novel approach using vinegar to eradicate recalcitrant skin flukes in koi fish: a case report

Unlike gill flukes (Dactylogyrus), which are oviparous, skin flukes are viviparous trematodes. Eradication of skin flukes is often achievable using a single dose of treatment, as they lack a...

Canine separation–related problem behaviours – part 1: social living and owner absence

Sociality and social connectedness are considered to be adaptive (McMillan, 2016), bringing benefits such as safety, parental care, improved food acquisition and mate procurement. For social species,...

Opportunities and challenges with antibiotic use

Injudicious prescription and use of antibiotics is the main driver for the increase in resistance in human and veterinary medicine around the globe (Kpokiri et al, 2020; Taylor et al, 2020)....

Figure 1. Transverse contrast-enhanced computed tomography of an 8-year-old female neutered West Highland White Terrier with an insulinoma at the border of the pancreatic body and the right pancreatic limb. A nodular lesion (asterisk) is noted deforming the contours of the pancreas (A). The pancreatic nodule is strongly hyper-attenuating on the arterial phase (B)

Advances in diagnosis and management of canine insulinoma: a review

The most common clinical signs associated with canine insulinomas are as follows, along with the corresponding percentage of cases (Dunn et al, 1993; Ryan et al, 2021):.

Figure 1. Juno demonstrating her chin rest behaviour while practicing vaccination protocol with an empty syringe and blunt needle.

Cooperative care for companion dogs: emotional health and wellness

Dogs are important members of a unique interspecies relationship that involves a care and concern that permeates species boundaries. However, the various interactions that humans have with companion...